在博士期间，如果找到工作，对方可以办h1是否可以工作呢?

Sure, you can. But the position is still subject to H-1B cap of that fiscal year, and the starting date (Oct 1) as well.

需要不需要办cpt，主要不想被老板发现。

Yes, you can use cpt for full time job up to 12 months, but once you reach the 12 months, you no longer have OPT. CPT does require your boss's approval.

Given your current situation, you should be prepared for the 3 months gap between July and Oct 1 next year, if you want to initiate the OPT right now.

My suggestion to you is go for Ph.D, use CPT working as full time. But you do need to talk to your boss, and ask for his approval.

Just my 2 cents!

For academia and non-profit, H-1B is exepmt from the cap. Your employer can file H-1b petition for you at any time. You can ask for the starting date right after the expiration of OPT to avoid gap.